[KIIP 5 ๊ธฐ๋ณธ - New Book] Lesson 10: ์ด·์ค๋ฑ ๊ต์ก Primary and Secondary Education
01. ํ๊ตญ ๊ต์ก ์ ๋์ ํน์ง์ ๋ฌด์์ผ๊น?
What are the characteristics of the Korean education system?
ํ๊ตญ์ ๊ต์ก ์ ๋์ ์ฃผ์ ๊ต์ก ์ผ์ (ํ์ฌ ์ผ์ )
ํ๊ตญ์ ์ด·์ค๋ฑ ๊ต์ก์ ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต 6๋
, ์คํ๊ต 3๋
, ๊ณ ๋ฑํ๊ต 3๋
์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋๋ฉฐ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฌด์์ผ๋ก ์ ๊ณต๋๋ค. ์ด ์ค, ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต 6๋
๊ณผ ์คํ๊ต 3๋
์ ์๋ฌด ๊ต์ก ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ด๋ค. ๊ต์ก ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์ค๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์ด์ ์ฃผ์ฒด์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ(๊ตญ๊ฐ), ๊ณต๋ฆฝ(์ง๋ฐฉ ์์น ๋จ์ฒด), ์ฌ๋ฆฝ ํ๊ต (๋ฒ์ธ์ด๋ ๊ฐ์ธ)๊ฐ ์๋ค. ์ง์์ ๊ฐ๊น์ด ํ๊ต์ ๋ฐฐ์ ํ๋ ๊ณต๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๋๋ ์ฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ต์ก ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ํ์์ ํน์ ๊ธฐ์ค์ ๋์ด ๋ณ๋๋ก ์ ๋ฐํ๊ฑฐ๋ ์ถ์ฒจ์ ํตํด ์ ๋ฐํ๋ค. ๊ต์ก ํ๋์ 1๋
์ 1ํ๊ธฐ์ 2ํ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋๋์ด ์ด์ํ๋๋ฐ 1ํ๊ธฐ๋ 3์์ด, 2ํ๊ธฐ๋ 8์๋ง~9์์ด์ ์์ํ๋ค.
The Korean Education System and Major Academic Schedules (Academic Calendar)
Primary and secondary education in Korea consists of six years of elementary school, three years of middle school, and three years of high school, and education is provided free of charge. Among these, the six years of elementary school and the three years of middle school are compulsory education periods. Educational institutions are classified according to the entity that establishes and operates them: national schools (established by the state), public schools (by local governments), and private schools (by corporations or individuals). Unlike public schools, which assign students to schools near their homes, national and private educational institutions select students separately based on specific criteria or by lottery. Educational activities are operated by dividing the year into the first and second semesters; the first semester begins in early March, and the second semester starts in late August to early September.
์ผ์ : schedule
ํ์ฌ: academic affairs (matters related to school education and administration)
์ด๋ฑ ๊ต์ก: elementary education
์ค๋ฑ ๊ต์ก: secondary (middle school) education
๊ตฌ์ฑ๋๋ค: to be composed of, to be formed
๋ฌด์: free of charge
์๋ฌด ๊ต์ก: compulsory education (mandatory education required by law at a certain age)
์ฃผ์ฒด: principal entity, main agent
๋ฒ์ธ: juridical person, corporation (an organization that has legal rights and obligations)
๋ฐฐ์ ํ๋ค: to assign, to allocate
๋ณ๋: separate, distinct
์ ๋ฐํ๋ค: to select, to choose
ํน์ : specific, particular (to identify and define clearly)
์ถ์ฒจ: lottery, drawing lots
ํ๊ต ๊ต์ก ํ๋
์ด·์ค๋ฑ ๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ ์ ํฌ๊ฒ ๊ต๊ณผ (๊ตญ์ด, ์ํ, ์ฌํ ๋ฑ)์ ์ฐฝ์์ ์ฒดํ ํ๋(์์จ, ๋์๋ฆฌ, ๋ด์ฌ, ์ง๋ก)์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต๋ 1๊ฐ ์ฐจ์ ์์
์ด 40๋ถ, ์คํ๊ต๋ 45๋ถ, ๊ณ ๋ฑํ๊ต๋ 50๋ถ์ ์์น์ผ๋ก ํ๋ ์ํฉ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ํ๋ ฅ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์ํ ์ ์๋ค. ํ๊ต ๊ต์ก์ ๊ต์ค์ด๋ ์ด๋์ฅ, ๋์๊ด๊ฐ๋น ๋ฑ์์ ์ค์๋๋ ์์
๋ฟ ์๋๋ผ ํ์ฅ ์ฒดํ ํ์ต(์ง์ ๊ด์ฐฐ, ๋ต์ฌ, ๊ฒฌํ ๋ฑ)์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๋ค. ํ์ฅ ์ฒดํ ํ์ต์ ๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ ๋ณ๋ก๋ ์ค์ํ ์ ์์ผ๋ฏ๋ก ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ต์ธ ์ฒดํ ํ์ต์ ์ ์ฒญํ๋ฉด ๋๋ค. ์ ๊ท ๊ต์ก ๊ณผ์ ์ด์ธ์ ํ์๋ค์ ์์ง ๋ฐ ์ ์ฑ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ฉด์ ์ฌ๊ต์ก๋น ๋ถ๋ด๋ ์ค์ผ ์ ์๋๋ก ๋ค์ํ '๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ํ ํ๊ต ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ'์ ์ด์ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
School Educational Activities
The primary and secondary education curriculum largely consists of regular subjects (such as Korean language, mathematics, and social studies) and creative experiential activities (self-directed activities, club activities, volunteer work, and career exploration). In principle, one class session lasts 40 minutes in elementary school, 45 minutes in middle school, and 50 minutes in high school, but the duration can be flexibly adjusted depending on the situation. School education is conducted not only through lessons held in classrooms, playgrounds, libraries, and auditoriums but also through field experiential learning, such as direct observation, field trips, and site visits. Since field experiential learning can also be carried out individually by each family, it is necessary to apply in advance for off-campus experiential learning. In addition to the regular curriculum, various “after-school programs” are operated to help develop students’ talents and aptitudes and to reduce the burden of private education expenses.
๊ต๊ณผ: curriculum, subject matter
์ฐฝ์์ : creative, innovative
์์จ: self-directed, autonomous
๋์๋ฆฌ: club, extracurricular group
์ง๋ก: future path, career path
์ฐจ์: class period, lesson period
์์น: principle
ํ๋ ฅ์ : flexible, adaptable
๊ฐ๋น: auditorium
๊ด์ฐฐ: observation
๋ต์ฌ: field survey, on-site study
๊ฒฌํ: field trip, site visit
ํ์ฅ ์ฒดํ ํ์ต: experiential learning on site, field experiential learning
๊ต์ธ: off-campus, outside school
์ ๊ท: regular, formal, official
์์ง: talent, aptitude
์ ์ฑ: aptitude, disposition
์ฌ๊ต์ก๋น: private education expenses
์์๋๋ฉด ์ข์์
์ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์๋
์ ํ๊ต ์
ํ์ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ?
How Do Foreign Children Enroll in School?
Q. ๋๊ตฌ๋ ํ๊ต์ ๋ค๋ ์ ์๋์?
「ํ๋ฒ๊ณผ UN ์๋์ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ดํ ํ์ฝ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์๋·์ฒญ์๋
์ ์๋ฌด ๊ต์ก์ ๋ณด์ฅํ๊ณ ์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ฒด๋ฅ ์ ๋ถ์ ๊ด๊ณ์์ด ์ธ๊ตญ์ธ ํ์, ์ค๋์
๊ตญ ํ์๋ ํ๊ต ๊ต์ก์ฉ ๋ฐ์ ์ ์๋ค.
Q. Can anyone attend school?
According to the Constitution and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, compulsory education for children and adolescents is guaranteed, so foreign students and students who entered the country midway can also receive school education regardless of their residency status.
ํ์ฝ: agreement, convention, treaty
๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค: to guarantee, to ensure
์ฒด๋ฅ ์ ๋ถ: residency status
์ค๋์
๊ตญ: mid-entry, entry during a school year (entering the country partway through schooling)
Q. ํ๊ต์ ์
ํํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ค ์๋ฅ๋ฅผ ์ฑ๊ฒจ๊ฐ์ผ ํ๋์?
1. ์ถ์
๊ตญ์ ๊ดํ ์ฌ์ค์ด๋ ์ธ๊ตญ์ธ ๋ฑ๋ก์ ์ฆ๋ช
ํ ์ ์๋ ์๋ฅ (์์ผ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ฌ์ค์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์๋ ์๋ฅ)
Q. What documents do I need to prepare to enroll in school?
1. Documents that can prove facts related to entry and exit or foreigner registration (if unavailable, documents that can verify the fact of residence)
2. ํ๋ ฅ์ ์ฆ๋ช
ํ ์ ์๋ ์๋ฅ(์กธ์
์ฆ๋ช
์ ๋๋ ์ฌํ ์ฌ์ค ์ฆ๋ช
์๋ฅ, ์ฑ์ ์ฆ๋ช
์ ๋ฑ) ๋ฑ
2. Documents that can prove academic background (such as a graduation certificate, a certificate of enrollment, a transcript, etc.)
์ฌํ: enrollment, being enrolled
์ฑ์ ์ฆ๋ช
์: transcript, academic record