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Jaya, why didn't you do your homework?
나: 어젯밤에 축구를 보느라고 숙제를 못 했어요.
I couldn't do my homework last night because I was watching a soccer game.
가: 주말에뭐 하셨어요?
What did you do over the weekend?
나: 김장했어요. 김장을 하느라고 정말 힘들었어요.
I made kimchi. (Because of that,) I was really exhausted.
This expression indicates that the statement given in the preceding clause is the reason for, or cause of, the following clause. In most cases, the following clause is negative in nature. This expression is sometimes shortened to -느라.
가: 요즘 카일리 씨는 어떻게 지내요?
How's Kylie doing these days?
나: 결혼 준비를 하느라고 정신이 없는 것 같아요.
She seems really busy due to preparing to get married.
가: 시 험 때문에 많이 바쁘지요?
You’re really busy because of all your tests, right?
나: 네, 요즘 시험공부를 하느라고 친구들을 통 못 만났어요.
Yeah, these days I haven't been able to meet my friends at all because of my test prep.
가: 왜 늦었어요? Why are you late?
나: 죄송해요. 컴퓨터를 고치러 갔다 오느라 늦었어요.
I'm sorry. I'm late because I went to get my computer fixed.
1. The phrase -느라고 expresses the fact that the action or behavior in the preceding clause continued to occur either partially or completely simultaneously with the action or behavior in the following clause.
• 출입국관리사무소에 가느라고 학교에 못 갔어요.
I wasn't able to go to school because I went to the immigration office,
◀-----------------------------------► (출입국관리사무소에 갔다 오는 시간)
◀---------------► 수업 시간
I was busy going to the immigration office during class time, so I therefore couldn't attend class.
2. There are a number of restrictions on the use of -느라고, It is important to remember the following points.
(1) Because the clause that follows 느라고’ is negative or undesirable in nature, it sounds unnatural for a clause that is positive in nature to follow it.
• 데이트를 하느라고 기분이 좋아요. (X)
->데이트를 해서 기분이 좋아요. (O)
->데이트를 하느라고 요즘 시간이 없어요. (O)
In addition, -느라고 is also used idiomatically with verbs such as 고생하다 and 수고하다.
• 야근하느라고 수고하셨어요.
• 그동안 우리를 가르치시느라고 고생 많으셨어요.
(2) Only verbs that require the will of the subject, a force of energy, and time can precede -느라고.
• 교통사고가 나느라고 회사에 지각했어요. (X)
• 비가 많이 오느라고 등산을 못했어요. (X)
• 바쁘느라고 여행을 못 갔어요. (X)
In 교통사고가 나다 and 비가 오다, the verbs do not require the will of the subject; in the case of 바쁘다, it is not a verb.
(3) The subject must be the same in both the preceding and following clauses.
• 자야 씨는 잠을 자느라고 (자야 씨는) 전화를 못 받았습니다. (O)
• 자야 씨는 잠을 자느라고 마크 씨는 전화를 못 받았습니다. ( X )
(4) The propositive and imperative forms cannot follow -느라고
• 춤을 추느라고 나이트클럽에 갑시다. / 가십시오. (X)
->춤을 추러 나이트클럽에 갑시다. (O)
• 쇼핑을 하느라고 돈을 씁시다./ 쓰십시오. ( X )
->쇼핑을 하느라고 돈을 다 썼어요. (O)
5) The past tense form -았/었- cannot be used with -느라고
• 어제 숙제를 했느라고 잠을 못 잤어요. (X)
->어제 숙제를 하느라고 잠을 못 잤어요. (O)
>> You can click on the title of each grammar below to learn the other grammars which also express 'Reasons':
01. -거든요
02. -잖아요
03. -느라고
04. -는 바람에
05. -(으)ㄴ/는 탓에
06. -고 해서
07. -(으)ㄹ까 봐
>> Full of Intermediate grammars: Click here
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