[Korean grammar] N와/과, N(이)랑, N하고

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저는 수박 딸기를 좋아해요.
I like watermelons and strawberries.
(= 저는 딸기 수박을 좋아해요.)
I like strawberries and watermelons.

어제 가방이랑 모자를 샀어요.
Yesterday, I bought a bag and a hat.
(= 어제 모자 가방을 샀어요.)
Yesterday, I bought a hat and a bag.

행버거하고 콜라 주세요.
I’ll have a hamburger and coke, please.

Grammar Focus:
1. These particles express the listing of various things or people and correspond to ‘and’ in English. 와/과 is used mainly in writing, presentations, and speeches while (이)랑 and are used in everyday conversation. For nouns ending in a vowel, 와 or 랑 is used, and for nouns ending in a consonant, 과 or 이랑 is used. 하고 is used regardless of whether a final consonant is present.




2. These particles can also indicate the target with which the subject performs an action and correspond to ‘(together) with’ in English. When indicating such a relationship, 같이 and 함께 normally follow the particle.
• 내일 친구하고 같이 영화를 볼 거예요.
I plan to see a movie (together) with my friend tomorrow.
• 가족과 함께 여행을 가고 싶어요.
I want to go on a trip (together) with my family.
• 우리 선생님하고 같이 식사할까요?
Shall we have lunch (together) with the teacher?

Conversation:
A: 교실에 누가 있습니까? Who's in the classroom?
B: 선생님 학생들이 있습니다. The teacher and students (are in the classroom).

A: 무슨 음식을 좋아해요? What kind of food do you like?
B: 냉면이랑 김밥을 좋아해요. I like naeng-myeon and kimbab.

Notes:
1. When functioning as particles to list things,(이)랑 and 하고 can be added to the final noun in the list, but 와/과 cannot.
• 바지 가방을 샀어요. (〇)
• 바지하고 가방을 샀어요. (〇)
• 바지 가방을 샀어요. (〇)
I bought pants and a bag.

• 옷이 가방이랑 사요. (〇)
• 옷하고 가방하고 사요. (〇)
• 옷 가방 사요. (X)
I buy clothes and a bag.

2. Although 와/과, (이)랑 and 하고 can all be used similarly to list things, they cannot be mixed within the same sentence.
• 저는 딸기 바나나하고이랑 감을 좋아해요. (X)
• 저는 딸기 바나나 감을 좋아해요. (〇)
I like strawberries, bananas, tangerines, and persimmons.
• 저는 딸기하고 바나나하고하고 감을 좋아해요. (〇)
• 저는 딸기 바나나이랑 감을 좋아해요. (〇》

Click below:
N이/가
N은/는
N을/를
N와/과, N(이)랑, N하고
N의
N에 ①
N에 ②
N에서
N에서 N까지, N부터 N까지
N에게/한테
N도
N만
N밖에
N(으)로
N(이)나①
N(이)나 ②
N쯤
N처럼, N같이
N보다
N마다


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1 comment:

  1. last note,at this example: 저는 딸기와 바나나와 귤과 감을 좋아해요
    At this sentence the usage is listing things and we added 과 to the final noun in the list but you said before 와&과 can't be added to the final noun in the list.

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